Testing the Addition of a New Anti-cancer Drug, Radium-223 Dichloride, to the Usual Treatment (Cabozantinib) for Advanced Renal Cell Cancer That Has Spread to the Bone, RadiCaL Study
Purpose
This phase II trial studies whether adding radium-223 dichloride to the usual treatment, cabozantinib, improves outcomes in patients with renal cell cancer that has spread to the bone. Radioactive drugs such as radium-223 dichloride may directly target radiation to cancer cells and minimize harm to normal cells. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving radium-223 dichloride and cabozantinib may help lessen the pain and symptoms from renal cell cancer that has spread to the bone, compared to cabozantinib alone.
Conditions
- Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Collecting Duct Carcinoma
- Kidney Medullary Carcinoma
- Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Bone
- Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer AJCC v8
- Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma
Eligibility
- Eligible Ages
- Over 18 Years
- Eligible Genders
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Documented histologic or cytologic diagnosis of renal cell cancer (RCC). All
subtypes of RCC are eligible including but not limited to clear cell, papillary,
chromophobe, translocation, collecting duct carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and
unclassified categories. Enrollment of non-clear cell patients will be limited to
20% of the total sample size (~ 42 patients). Once this goal is met, accrual of
non-clear cell patients will be discontinued (a notice will be sent out 2 weeks in
advance). Sarcomatoid and rhabdoid differentiation are allowed
- Presence of at least 1 metastatic bone lesion not treated with prior radiation is
required.
- The presence of bone metastases can be detected by computed tomography (CT),
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Tc-99m bone scan or positron emission
tomography (PET) (fludeoxyglucose F-18 [FDG] or sodium fluoride [NaF]) imaging.
Patients with non-measurable bone-only disease are allowed. Patients may have
received prior radiation therapy for bone metastases or other external
radiation >= 7 days prior to registration, as long as they still have at least
1 metastatic bone lesion not treated with radiation. Patients with visceral
metastases are allowed, as long as they have at least one untreated bone
metastases
- No prior treatment with cabozantinib
- No treatment with any type of small molecular kinase inhibitor (including
investigational kinase inhibitors) within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is
shorter) of registration or receipt of any anti-cancer therapy (including
investigational therapy, monoclonal antibodies, cytokine therapy) within 3 weeks of
registration
- No prior hemibody external radiotherapy
- No prior therapy with radium-223 dichloride or systemic radiotherapy (such as
samarium, strontium)
- No major surgery within 6 weeks of randomization. Procedures such as thoracentesis,
paracentesis, percutaneous biopsy, Moh's or other topical skin surgery, Lasik eye
surgery are not considered major surgery. Patients who have had a nephrectomy may be
registered >= 3 weeks after surgery, providing there are no wound-healing
complications. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior
surgery are not eligible
- Recovery to baseline or =< grade 1 CTCAE version 5.0 from toxicity related to any
prior treatment, unless adverse events are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable
on supportive therapy
- The use of osteoclast targeted therapy including either bisphosphonates or denosumab
is mandated on this study except in patients with contraindications as determined by
the treating investigator, including:
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypophosphatemia
- Renal impairment including those with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 35
mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation or acute renal impairment
- Hypersensitivity to drug formulation
- Dental condition or need for dental intervention that per the investigator
would increase the risk of osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ).
- Use of osteoclast targeted therapy or reason against use needs to be
recorded in the electronic case report form (eCRF). Additionally, reason
for discontinuation of osteoclast targeted therapy need to be
appropriately documented in the eCRF
- Not pregnant and not nursing, because this study involves an investigational agent
whose genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and
newborn are unknown.
- Therefore, for women of childbearing potential only, a negative urine pregnancy
test done =< 28 days prior to registration is required. A female of
childbearing potential is a sexually mature female who: 1) has not undergone a
hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or 2) has not been naturally
postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any
time in the preceding 12 consecutive months)
- Age >= 18 years
- Karnofsky performance status >= 60%
- No brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with
radiotherapy, radiosurgery, or surgery and stable for at least 4 weeks prior to
registration as documented by MRI or CT imaging or deemed stable by clinical
investigator. Treated brain metastases are defined as having no ongoing requirement
for steroids and no evidence of progression or hemorrhage after treatment for at
least 4 weeks prior to registration as documented by MRI or CT imaging or deemed
stable by clinical investigator
- No imminent or established spinal cord compression based on clinical symptoms and/or
imaging. In patients with untreated imminent or established spinal cord compression,
treatment with standard of care as clinically indicated should be completed at least
2 weeks before registration
- No imminent or impending pathologic fracture based on clinical symptoms and/or
imaging. In patients with untreated imminent or impending pathologic fracture,
treatment with standard of care as clinically indicated should be completed at least
2 weeks before registration
- No significant, uncontrolled intercurrent or recent illness, including but not
limited to the following conditions:
- Cardiovascular disorders: Symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina
pectoris, serious cardiac arrhythmia; uncontrolled hypertension defined as
sustained blood pressure > 150 mm Hg systolic or > 100 mm Hg diastolic despite
optimal antihypertensive treatment; stroke (including transient ischemic
attack), myocardial infarction, or other ischemic event, within 6 months before
randomization; thromboembolic event (e.g., deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary
embolism) within 1 month before randomization
- Gastrointestinal disorders: Disorders associated with a high risk of
perforation or fistula formation: active inflammatory bowel disease, active
diverticulitis, active cholecystitis, active symptomatic cholangitis or active
appendicitis, active acute pancreatitis or active acute obstruction of the
pancreatic or biliary duct, or active gastric outlet obstruction; abdominal
fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal
abscess within 3 months before randomization. Note: Complete healing of an
intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed before randomization
- No clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis, or other
history of significant bleeding (e.g., pulmonary hemorrhage) within 3 months
before randomization
- No lesions invading major pulmonary blood vessels
- No other clinically significant disorders:
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective
anti-retroviral therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol
[e.g. drug-drug interactions]) with undetectable viral load within 6
months are eligible for this trial
- For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,
the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy (with no
medications prohibited by this protocol [e.g. drug-drug interactions]), if
indicated
- Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have
been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently
on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral
load (with no medications prohibited by this protocol [e.g. drug-drug
interactions])
- No serious non-healing wound or ulcer
- No malabsorption syndrome
- No uncompensated/symptomatic hypothyroidism
- No moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C)
- No requirements for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
- No history of solid organ transplantation
- No chronic concomitant treatment with strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors. Because
the list of these agents is constantly changing, it is important to regularly
consult a frequently updated medical reference. Patients may not have received a
strong CYP3A4 inducer within 12 days prior to registration nor a strong CYP3A4
inhibitor within 7 days prior to registration
- No concomitant anticoagulation with coumarin agents (e.g., warfarin), direct
thrombin inhibitors (e.g., dabigatran), direct factor Xa inhibitor betrixaban, or
platelet inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel). Allowed anticoagulants include:
- Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin for cardio-protection (per local
applicable guidelines) and low-dose low molecular weight heparins (LMWH).
- Therapeutic doses of LMWH or anticoagulation with direct factor Xa inhibitors
rivaroxaban, edoxaban, or apixaban in subjects without known brain metastases
who are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first
dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic
complications from the anticoagulation regimen or the tumor.
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mm^3
- Platelet count >= 100,000/mm^3
- Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dl (transfusions allowed)
- Calculated (calc.) creatinine clearance >= 30 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault
equation
- Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN), for patients with Gilberts
disease =< 3.0 x ULN
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 3.0 x ULN
- Urine protein to creatinine (UPC) ratio =< 2 mg/mg OR 24-hr urine protein < 2 g
Study Design
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel Assignment
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None (Open Label)
Arm Groups
| Arm | Description | Assigned Intervention |
|---|---|---|
|
Experimental Arm A (radium Ra 223 dichloride, cabozantinib s-malate) |
Patients receive radium Ra 223 dichloride IV over 1 minute on day 1 of cycles 1-6 and cabozantinib S-malate PO QD on days 1-28 of every cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo blood sample collection, bone scan, CT, or MRI, and may undergo FDG-PET or NaF-PET throughout the study. |
|
|
Active Comparator Arm B (cabozantinib s-malate) |
Patients receive cabozantinib S-malate PO QD on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo blood sample collection, bone scan, CT, or MRI, and may undergo FDG-PET or NaF-PET throughout the study. |
|
Recruiting Locations
New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
More Details
- Status
- Recruiting
- Sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Study Contact
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To assess the symptomatic skeletal event (SSE)-free survival of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) patients with bone metastases treated with cabozantinib S-malate (cabozantinib) + radium Ra 223 dichloride (radium-223 dichloride) compared to cabozantinib alone. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To investigate the safety, toxicity and tolerability as defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 in patients treated with cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride compared to cabozantinib alone. II. To assess SSE-free survival of each treatment arm in predefined sub-groups. III. To assess progression-free survival (PFS) in each treatment arm. IV. To assess overall survival (OS) in each treatment arm. V. To assess time to first SSE (defined as first use of radiation therapy to relieve skeletal symptoms, new symptomatic pathologic vertebral or non-vertebral bone fractures, spinal cord compression, or symptomatic tumor-related orthopaedic surgical intervention) in each treatment arm. VI. To assess the objective response rate by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. VII. To assess time to subsequent anti-cancer systemic therapy and type of systemic therapy. EXPLORATORY QUALITY OF LIFE OBJECTIVES: I. To compare patient-reported pain as assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire (BPI) between patients randomized to cabozantinib versus cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride at 6 months. II. To compare patient-reported pain as assessed by the BPI between patients randomized to cabozantinib versus cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride at other timepoints. III. To compare overall health-related quality of life as assessed by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) Global Health 10 between patients randomized to cabozantinib versus cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride. IV. To compare quality-adjusted survival (overall survival x utility score assessed by European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale [EQ5D-5L]) between patients randomized to cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride. CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES: I. To evaluate changes in the following bone turnover markers between arms: Ia. Marker of bone formation: P1NP, BSAP. Ib. Marker of bone resorption: CTX, NTX. II. To correlate changes in bone turnover markers with SSE-free survival. III. To assess the immunomodulatory properties of cabozantinib with or without radium-223 dichloride at baseline, during treatment, and at progression. IV. To identify prognostic and predictive genomic biomarkers of response to cabozantinib and radium-223 dichloride via assessment of tissue, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (cfDNA). V. To assess the association between bone response according to MD Anderson response criteria and SSE-free survival (FS). VI. To correlate change in level of total alkaline phosphatase and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase to overall response to cabozantinib + radium-223 dichloride compared to cabozantinib alone. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. ARM A: Patients receive radium Ra 223 dichloride intravenously (IV) over 1 minute on day 1 of cycles 1-6 and cabozantinib S-malate orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28 of every cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM B: Patients receive cabozantinib S-malate PO QD on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. All patients undergo blood sample collection, bone scan, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and may undergo fludeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) or sodium fluoride (NaF)-PET throughout the study. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months for up to 5 years from study registration.